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But just how can you create a system that has a decentralized ledger How can you give someone the ability to update the ledger without giving them a lot of powerin case they become corrupt or negligent in their job
Well, Bitcoins rulesalso known as the Bitcoin protocolsolves that in a very creative manner I like to call Who Wants to Be a Banker
In a nutshell, anyone who wants to take part in updating the ledger of Bitcoin transactions, known as the blockchain, can do this. All you need is to guess a random number that solves an equation generated by the system. Sounds easy, right
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Of course, this guessing is all done by your PC. The stronger your computer is, the further guesses you can create in one second, increasing your chances of winning this match. If you manage to guess correctly, you earn bitcoins and get to write the next page of Bitcoin transactions on the blockchain. .
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1. Once your mining computer comes up with the ideal guess, your mining program determines which of the current pending transactions will be grouped together into the next block of transactions. Compiling this block represents your moment of glory, as youve now become a temporary banker of Bitcoin who has to upgrade the Bitcoin transaction ledger known as the blockchain. .
2. The block youve generated, along with the solution, is sent to the entire network so other computers can validate it. Its a bit similar to a Rubiks cube: The solution is quite tough to attain but very easy to validate.
3. Each computer that validates your solution upgrades its copy of this Bitcoin transaction ledger with the transactions you chose to include in the cube.
4. The machine generates a fixed amount of bitcoins (currently 12.5) and rewards them to you as compensation for the time and energy you spent solving the math issue.
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5. Additionally, you get paid any transaction fees which were attached to the transactions you inserted into the next block.
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6. Each of the transactions in the block youve only entered are now confirmed from the Bitcoin network and therefore are virtually irreversible.
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Therefore thats Bitcoin mining in a nutshell. Its called mining due to the simple fact that this process helps mine new Bitcoins from the system. But if you think about it, the mining component is just a by-product of the transaction confirmation process. Therefore that the name is a bit misleading, since the main objective of mining would be to maintain the ledger in a decentralized manner. .
As you can imagine, since mining is based on a form of guessing, for every block, a different miner will suppose the number and be granted the right to update the blockchain. Obviously, the miners with computing power will succeed more often, but on account of the regulation of statistical probability, its highly unlikely that the same miner will succeed each time. .
Now you know what Bitcoin mining is, you might be thinking, Cool! Free money! Where do I sign up Well, not so fast
Satoshi Nakamoto, who invented Bitcoin, crafted the principles for mining in a manner that the more mining energy the network gets, the harder it is to imagine the answer to the mining math issue. So the difficulty of the mining process is really self-adjusting to the accumulated mining power the network possesses. .
If more miners join, it will get more difficult to address the problem; if many of them helpful site fall off, it is going to get easier. This can be known as mining difficulty.
Now, go rememberthis is on average. We can have two blocks being inserted minute after minute and then wait an hour for the next block. In the long run, this may even out to ten minutes on average.
As you can imagine, this kind of self-adjusting mechanism has made a sort of arms race to acquire the most efficient and strong miners as soon as possible.
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When Bitcoin first started out, there werent a lot of miners out there. In fact, Satoshi, the inventor of Bitcoin, and also his friend Hal Finney were a few the only individuals mining Bitcoin back at the time using their own personal computers.
Using your find here CPU (central processing unityour computers brain and an integrated component in any computer) was enough for mining Bitcoin back in 2009, since mining issue was reduced. As Bitcoin began to catch on, folks looked for more potent mining solutions.